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The aim of the paper is to define a concept which has the potential to achieve and exceed the fuel economy target of 100 km/litre. Several existing vehicles based on different engine and vehicle concepts have been analysed for a benchmark study of the present best vehicles on the Indian 2-wheeler market. Additional to this study, more detailed investigations have been made to evaluate the potential of each individual loss in the drive train from the combustion over friction to the drive train, chassis and tyre specification. Out of these results four different engine and vehicle concepts have been synthesised and indicate how a 100 km/ltr in steady state driving could be achieved.

The development history of a 30cc 2-stroke engine power unit in the covered rear wheel for retrofit into standard bicycle chassis. The rear wheel acts as cooling fan for the air cooled long stroke engine with catalyst exhaust system, autochoke carburetor, autolube oil pump, electric start and inertia start, single speed automatic transmission and 7 speed hub final drive. The space in the rear wheel contains intake air filter, exhaust system, fuel tank, oil tank and engine with drive train, the complete engine being only 94mm wide. The complete covered power unit is nearly undetectable as the rear wheel covers resemble road racing bicycles. There is very low stationary and pass-by noise (64 db[A]), no exhaust gas opacity or smell, very low vibration level and very good fuel economy up to 133 km/l.