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This paper describes latest results from the Ricardo heavy duty diesel engine research programme. Using a Diesel Kiki P-TICS II injection system, matched to a low swirl combustion chamber, emission results well within the US 1991 engineering targets have been achieved with good fuel economy. Very low NOx levels have also been demonstrated whilst maintaining good fuel economy and particulate emissions within the 1991 standards. Analysis of results indicates that injection timing and rate control, as embodied in the P-TICS approach, is a key technology for achieving these low emissions with good fuel economy.

This paper presents firstly the newly developed “Timing and injection Rate Control System” for heavy duty diesel engine. In this system, a new concept of diesel fuel injection … variable pre-stroke mechanism. … is applied. As a result, this new system enables higher injection pressure at lower engine speeds, and accurate and fast injection timing control. Design concept of the injection pump itself, actuators and ECU will be described together with some experimental data. Secondly, the classification of diesel fuel injection systems is considered based on the function of features of each system. This illustrates the characteristics of the new injection system described in this paper.