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A new life support approach is proposed for use on the International Space Station (ISS). This involves advanced technologies for water recovery and air revitalization, tested at the Johnson Space Center (JSC), including bioprocessing, reverse-osmosis and distillation, low power carbon dioxide removal, non-expendable trace contaminant control, and carbon dioxide reduction.

Water recovery subsystems are being tested at the NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center for Space Station use to process waste water generated from urine and wash water collection facilities. These subsystems are being integrated into a water management system that will incorporate wash water and urine processing through the use of hyperfiltration and vapor compression distillation subsystems. Other hardware in the water management system includes a whole body shower, a clothes washing facility, a urine collection and pretreatment unit, a recovered water post-treatment system, and a water quality monitor. This paper describes the integrated test configuration, pertinent performance data, and feasibility and design compatibility conclusions of the integrated water management system.

MANY comprehensive papers have been presented on the various phases of the cooling problem. Macy O. Teetor's paper2 on “Cylinder Temperature” and L. P. Saunders' paper3 on “Radiator Development and Car Cooling” are representative of these. The treatment of heat in an automotive vehicle presents many complex technical problems but the customer, who understands none of the technicalities, is directly aware of the results. He judges by: (1) how long the engine performs well, (2) how much oil it uses, (3) how often the radiator needs filling, (4) how much noise the fan makes, and so on. Throughout the entire cooling system, the basic problem is one of rates of heat flow. Temperature balances are reached only when the heat lost by a given spot or system equals the heat absorbed. To have a balance temperature at a safe point, the rate of heat loss must be such that the temperature differential between hot and cold medium need not be too great.