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A new concept of “synthetic performance coefficient of inlet port” in D.I. diesel engines has been proposed from a viewpoint of efficiency of energy conversion in this paper. It makes the performance of various kinds of inlet ports in D.I. diesel engines compared with each other. Based on the regression analysis of the experimental results, it is found that the synthetic performance coefficient of inlet port has a close linear relation to the engine performance, and it can be used as a criterion to optimize the design of inlet port in D.I. diesel engines.

Based on diesel engine type S1100A, the cylinder bore is expanded from 100 mm to 102mm and the swirl chamber combustion system is substituted by the direct injection combustion system, as a result, a new type of single cylinder direct injection diesel engine with horizontal cylinder, i.e., diesel engine type 1102, has been developed, in which the rated speed has increased from 2200 rpm to 2300 rpm, the rated output has increased from 11 kw to 12.5 kw, and the specific fuel consumption has reduced by 19 g/kw.h, from 253 g/kw.h to 234 g/kw.h at the rated condition. This paper presents the design idea, the principal engine specifications, the structural features, and the experimental results of the single cylinder direct injection diesel engine type 1102 with horizontal cylinder. The experimental results have shown that the diesel engine type 1102 has obtained the good indexes of performance.