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One of the most commonly used tests to evaluate the antiwear properties of a hydraulic fluid is ASTM D 2882 which is based on a Vicker's V-104 vane pump. Although this is a commonly used test, the results are subject to numerous potential problems in both testing procedure and pump hardware. In this paper, the particular focus will be placed on potential problems that may be encountered with testing of water-glycol hydraulic fluids which may lead to erroneous and non-reproducible results.

Although considerable research has been performed to quantitatively compare the relative fire-resistance afforded by different hydraulic fluids in various industrial applications, new standards reflecting these developments is still incomplete. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the classical tests that have, and are currently, used to quantify relative fire safety of fluids. This will be complemented by a discussion of recent test developments that could be incorporated into future standards.