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THE post-war car will have about the same general appearance as the pre-war car, but it will be better streamlined, more efficient, and lighter. Although it will be smaller, it will be long enough to ride well and wide enough to carry three people in the front seat. Performance will be almost as good as that of present-day cars, and gasoline economy will be better. Price will be lower than that of the 1942 models. The foregoing is a brief composite picture of the post-war car as envisioned by a majority of passenger-car engineers queried by Mr. Jardine. These opinions were sent to the author in answer to a questionnaire sent out to a number of engineers who will have most to do with design of the post-war car. Excerpts from a number of these opinions are quoted in this paper. Discussing the effect of the length of the war and of inventories, Mr.

THE increasing demand for lighter diesel engines by the U. S. Navy and by long-distance truckers is spotlighting aluminum as essential for major diesel-engine castings, Mr. Jardine states. In practically every division of transportation, he continues, the light-weight power unit is becoming more important, and some of the new highway laws make the use of weight-saving aluminum a necessity. The author theoretically dismantles a conventional light-weight, high-output diesel built by the National Supply Co. Unit by unit, he shows how aluminum has been substituted for iron and steel, and gives specific reasons for each substitution. Parts thus covered are: crankcase and cylinder block, cylinder sleeves, pistons, bearings, cylinder heads, valve seats, camshaft gears, flywheel housing, and gear cover. This particular aluminum-and-steel engine, Mr.

BY the use of carefully considered designs, the authors contend, any transportation unit in use today can be made largely of aluminum and considerably lighter than the same unit made entirely of ferrous materials. In most cases, they declare, it is possible to make a weight reduction of approximately 50% from the weight of an iron or steel part when aluminum is used. Results of a test made on a 36-passenger aluminum-alloy bus are reported, indicating that calculated stresses do not correspond very closely with measured stresses. This finding is attributed to the fact that a bus body is a complex, statically indeterminate structure and the accuracy of design calculations is wholly dependent upon the accuracy of the assumptions upon which they are based. Strain gages were used to measure the stresses actually occurring in the parts.

Corrosion in gasoline engines is generally believed to be due to sulphuric acid formed by the combination of sulphur carried in low-grade fuels and oils with water that enters or is generated in the engine. Much of this trouble occurs in winter and may be traced directly to the action of water that condenses on the inside of the cylinders and crankcase when a cold engine is started. The water destroys the oil-film and comes into direct contact with metal of the pistons, cylinders and other parts, causing them to rust. If this occurs and the lubricating system does not supply more oil to the surfaces immediately upon the restarting of the engine, scored cylinders and pistons are likely to result, or, if the engine is stopped before it is warmed up, condensation and rusting will be rapid and will result in excessive wear.

The lightness and high thermal conductivity of aluminum pistons are conceded and the paper deals principally with their thermal properties, inclusive of the actual operating temperature of the pistons, the temperature distributions in the piston and the effects of the cooling-water temperature and the piston material on the piston temperature. The apparatus is illustrated and described, and charts are presented and commented upon in connection with a discussion of the results obtained. Theories affecting piston design are presented and discussed, reference being made to diagrams relating to design procedure: The work is supplementary to that done in 1921 by the authors, which they presented in a similar paper to which they refer.