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According to UN “58′ Agreement”, Yugoslavia is applying exhaust emissions ECE Regulations in three directions: vehicle type approval, conformity of production and control of vehicle in use. Approximately 95 % of Yugoslav engine and vehicle production has been covered by type approvals granted by Yugoslav Federal Institution for Standardization. However, test results show that over 50 % of approved vehicles are not more than 20 % below existing limits. Therefore, measures are undertaken to ensure conformity of production, though there are not enough data to judge emissions quality during production because of manufacturers lack of instrumentation. Emissions control of vehicles in use involves once a year regular inspection and periodic inspections in traffic. Inspections include idle CO for gasoline engines and free acceleration smoke for diesel engines, but incomplete results show unsatisfactory level of about 25 % vehicles over existing limits.