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Frontal and temporal lobe contusions that were caused by a single sagittal plane angular acceleration impulse were analyzed. At neuropathological exam the depth, extent, and location of contusions were mapped and described according to a classification previously developed for human use. Of 30 rhesus monkeys subjected to a single angular acceleration impulse, 13 had no frontal or temporal contusion (Group 1), 8 had only frontal contusion (Group 2) and 9 had temporal contusions (Group 3). Correlation with angular acceleration, tangential acceleration and tangential force showed that the three groups were statistically different. The mean peak positive tangential force for Groups 1-3 was 541, 659 and 766 newtons respectively (p<0.10). This suggested that as mechanical imput increased, frontal contusions occur before temporal contusions and that the threshold for frontal contusion is less than that for temporal contusion.

The 1997 Ford Explorer introduces a new two valve single overhead cam (SOHC) version of the 4.0L V6 engine. Maximum power output is increased to 153 KW net (205 HP) at 5000 rpm and 340 N-M of torque (250 lb-ft) at 3000 rpm, which represents a 28% increase in power and an 11% increase in torque over the existing 4.0L overhead valve (OHV) design. The new design's performance features are single overhead camshafts driven by a patented “Offset Y-drive” dual stage chain system, a plastic variable induction system, and aluminum cylinder heads. For quieter and smoother operation, a main bearing ladder frame and a unique second-order balance shaft (4x4 only) are added.