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From a study of a large quantity of frictional data on elastomeric rotary lip seals of different designs operating under various test conditions, it has been possible to identify and quantify underlying similarities. Assuming the frictional coefficient comprises a Newtonian lubrication component and a dry or boundary friction one, the analysis allows these to be individually estimated. It has been found that these individual components have a good correlation to certain test parameters.

This report describes the program in which the friction of more than 60 rotary lip seals was measured over a wide range of conditions. In addition to the speed and temperature, the effects of seal material, lip design, shaft diameter, oil, and shaft surface structure have been assessed. Of these, the type of shaft finish, the design of the sealing lip edge, and the type of oil appear to have the greatest influence.

In the course of studying the market requirements for seals in large axles and relating this to conventional sealing technology, it became apparent that a fresh approach to sealing was desirable. This paper describes such a development in detail. Centrifugal action is the principle sealing action of the seal. Although this is in itself not new, the method by which it is harnessed makes the design radically different from normal “slinger” seals. Both practical and analytical work are covered in the text.