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The UK government offered a tax incentive to introduce ultra-low sulphur diesel (ULSD) fuels into the market place. This has led rapidly to the use of such a fuel with a consequent reduction in emissions, notably particulates and permits the use of some exhaust after-treatment devices that were formerly precluded. A water-blend fuel technology has been developed to substantially reduce engine out emissions relative to ULSD and is currently under market evaluation. Use of the fuel requires no engine modifications. To further evaluate the emissions performance of the technology, a trial was conducted with the Millbrook testing facility, Bedfordshire, England. The trial also considered the impact of such water-blend fuels on existing/future exhaust emission control technology. On the Millbrook London Transport Bus (MLTB) cycle, the water-blend fuels tested achieved significant reductions in nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulates over that attained by ULSD.

This paper features the results of emission tests conducted on diesel oxidation catalysts, and the combination of diesel oxidation catalysts and water blend fuel (diesel fuel continuous emulsion). Vehicle chassis emission tests were conducted using an urban bus. The paper reviews the impact and potential benefits of combining catalyst and water blend diesel fuel technologies to reduce exhaust emissions from diesel engines.