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Simulation models for exhaust and intake systems are now sufficiently advanced that they offer real benefits over traditional design methods. Application of time domain simulation methods and recent increases in computational speed have enabled complex models to be applied to more detailed studies. Transient simulation facilitates the prediction of, primarily, sound quality for intake orifice and exhaust tailpipe noise across the full engine operating speed range. This methodology developed by Ricardo has shown to be an extremely valuable tool in the design of intake and exhaust systems for engine performance, noise and sound quality.