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Primary energy source such as fossil fuel keep decreasing due to various kind of usage. According to less amount of the fossil fuel, human seeks for an alternative fuel source such as alcohol. Alcohol like ethanol can be produced easily from strarchy plant. But using alcohol as blended fuel with diesel fuel doesn't work well because alcohol has low cetane number, lack of lubricity and very low miscibility with diesel fuel. To overcome this, fumigation system or port fuel injection of alcohol seems interesting. Although it requires more complicate system but it can compensate the miscibility issue and alcohol can be used in higher dose to give more energy. Diesel engine produces a lot of emission such as NOx and some other carbon content emission like HC, CO and soot due to they run in lean condition as their characteristic. Modern diesel engines are now coupled with exhaust gas recirculation system to help reduce in main emission like NOx.

Ethanol is a good choice for alternative fuel which is prefer to dual fuel diesel engine. In this study, ethanol will be injected in to the intake manifold to cool down the intake temperature and reduce the amount of diesel fuel consumption. And also, use a technique called internal exhaust gas recirculation. The exhaust valve will be reopened during the intake stroke for 4mm. to vaporized the injected ethanol in the combustion chamber. The objective of this research is to study the effect of injection timing of dual fuel (diesel) on the engine performance and exhaust emissions of a supercharged, single cylinder 4-stroke direct injection compression ignition engine including ethanol fumigation and internal EGR, and also varying the injection pressure of diesel. Then using ethanol fuel as a secondary fuel to replace the energy input from diesel fuel by 10, 20, and 30%.