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BEVs and FCEVs are getting more popular since they can contribute to reduce the concern of global warming and the environmental pollution, especially in urban area, they do not emit exhaust gas emissions. In other words, the expectation of a Zero emission society increases. On the other hand, HEVs and PHEVs which have internal combustion engines have realized a drastic reduction of fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions thanks to optimal power management of the motor and the engine. They already achieved a great contribution toward CO2 reduction in global level. In order to realize emission free society, this research addresses “Zero-Emissions challenge” of PHEV exhaust gas emissions (to be able to consider equal to BEV in well to wheel), contributing to the global environment pursuing new value for the internal combustion engine.

We propose a new concept on simultaneous reduction of NO and soot emissions in Diesel engine exhaust by use of the diesel fuel oil (n-Tridecane) with liquefied CO2 dissolved. The CO2 dissolved component is expected to undergo flash boiling or gas separation when being injected into the combustion chamber, and improve spray atomization and mixing process both of which are primary factors to govern soot formation. Further, the internal EGR effect caused by CO2 component injected with the fuel is expected for NO formation. In order to assess this concept, spray dynamics measurement was conducted in the constant volume vessel with a variation of ambient pressure and temperature. Further, combustion experiments were carried out by using a rapid compression and expansion machine. Here, characteristics of the evaporative mixed fuel spray were examined by shadowgraph photography.