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The physical and chemical properties of biogas affect the choice of technology used for biogas scrubbing and combustion; therefore, knowledge of these properties is useful for optimizing biogas utilization. Since biogas contains primarily as bulk components methane and carbon dioxide. Other trace components (nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and trace organics) are present in relatively small quantity, the magnitude of which varies greatly and depends on the composition of the material digested. Although the small concentration of these traced gases have little effect on the physical properties of the gas, which influence the choice of technologies. In the present work, the analysis of the biogas composition related to its effects on the physical properties of the gas and which influence the choice of technologies used for spark ignition engines is presented.

Biogas is one of the most promising alternatives fuel for the future. Biogas, when used in automotive field, will help to bring down harmful emissions. However, some technical improvements are still needed, especially in the Indian automotive sector. In this research work 100% biogas operated two wheeler four stroke SI engine has been tested for exhaust gas emissions. The result shows the lower emissions than the existing petrol engine limits without exhaust gas after treatment. The current work clearly indicates the breakdown of compression ratio barrier and it is shown that the engine runs smoothly at compression ratio of 11:1 without any tendency of auto-ignition. Experiments were conducted by varying compression ratios from 9:1 to 11:1 and retaining the combustion chamber design. This study shows that using biogas in SI engines, it is particularly beneficial to reach interesting conversion efficiencies with low emissions.