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Among the technical solutions that can lead to energy converters with high thermal efficiency, the direct injection diesel (DID) engine ranks in a good position. This technology, once used only for heavy duty and stationary engines, is now spreading and reaches private cars, thanks to the developments of electronic control and injection equipments (high-pressure pump, 2 springs injectors, etc.), which improved the combustion control and the trade-off in terms of NOx and particulate matter (PM) emissions and in terms of noise. Recent vehicles are equipped with EGR and oxidation catalyst, making the tuning of the engine even more complex. Then, to take the best advantage from this technology, it becomes a major concern to assess precisely the sensitivity of direct injection diesel engines to fuel characteristics.

The pollution levels recorded in large urban areas are rising concerns for public health and substantial reductions in pollutant emissions have become an important issue. In this context, engine manufacturers have developed a number of techniques to reduce emission vehicle levels and in particular are turning their attention to the use of clean fuels. One example is the Liquid Petroleum Gas, roughly a mixture of propane and butane, which gives a benefit in terms of toxic hydrocarbons emissions and ozone formation due to its composition (mainly alcanes and olefines from C2 to C5) and CO2 emission levels. The aim of this study was to provide a quick and low cost solution for downtown emissions of motor vehicle. In order to maintain a good autonomy, the development work was focused on a dual fuel vehicle using LPG as well as gasoline.