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Thermal load caused by engine combustion is one of the important issues for the engines such as high-boosted downsized engines and engines with high compression ratio. In particular, it is necessary to maintain the reliability and durability of exhaust valves which are subject to the biggest thermal impact. For this reason, sodium filled hollow valves are utilized in preference to solid valves in order to decrease the exhaust valve temperature. The most common method for detecting the valve temperature is to estimate the temperature by measuring hardness on valve surface (Hardness test). However, the hardness test is only applicable to the condition up to 800°C. Therefore, this paper presents new techniques for measuring the temperature for sodium-filled valve using infrared thermography and thermocouple as an alternative hardness test. The authors also examined the valve temperatures at a variety of engine speeds and cooling of the sodium-filled valve during engine operation.