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Lithium-ion cells operate under a narrow range of voltage, current, and temperature limits, which requires a battery management system (BMS) to sense, control, and balance the battery pack. The state of power (SOP) estimation is a fundamental algorithm of the BMS. It operates as a dynamic safety limit, preventing rapid ageing and optimizing power delivery. SOP estimation relies on predictive algorithms to determine charge and discharge power limits sustainable within a specified time frame, ensuring the cell design constraints are not violated. This paper explores various approaches for real-time deployment of SOP estimation algorithms for a high-power lithium-ion battery (LIB) with a low-cost microcontroller. The algorithms are based on a root-finding approach and a first-order equivalent circuit model (ECM) of the battery.

In many vehicle motorsport categories, the one of the most important factors that lead a team to the victory is the suspension setup. Parameters like roll stiffness and camber changing are essential to the vehicle behavior during a driving situation. To handle these variables, features like suspension hardpoints arrangement, pivot points position and spring stiffness can be settled. However a setup only will perform a desirable effect if the chosen configuration does not change. Ideally, to make it possible, every component that holds suspension loads (suspension members, mounting plates and chassis) would have to be infinitely rigid. Even though it is not achievable, the existing deformation can be small enough to be negligible when compared with suspension displacement. In order to reach this target, this paper introduce a spring modeling and a Finite Element multibody modeling process of a Formula SAE prototype’s suspension and chassis.

In the way of achieving maximum performance of a racecar several aspects of it have to be optimized. The whole picture of vehicle performance involves crossing data to find relationship among systems and identifying trends, pitfalls and optimum points. In this paper, a straightforward software tool for tire data analysis is developed and described. The software aims to integrate tire data analysis in early stages of the development process of a Formula SAE racecar. In addition, it is thought to be a learning environment to fresh team members. To establish and achieve the necessary goals, an affordancebased model was used to elicit user needs. Regarding the tires, it was possible to precisely point out what data is required to quickly fit a Pacejka tire mode and to cross raw tire data of different tires and preview the steady state balance of a vehicle.

This paper presents the design process of an aerodynamic kit for a Formula SAE competition vehicle using CFD with special attention to the distribution of aerodynamic loads. The methodology for the development of concepts is to create a boundary that respects the geometric constraints of the vehicle and also complies with FSAE 2015/16 Rules. Inside these boundaries different geometries of aerodynamic accessories can be analyzed and several full vehicle models can be created. The initial model is conceived based on the literature and then analyzed with CFD to generate another model. The process is repeated until it reaches a model that cannot be considered optimum but is close enough to the targets previously defined. The governing equations for the numerical simulation are presented as well as the reason for their use.

High performance vehicles are subjected to a high level of loads during short time intervals. Due this situation, manufacturing procedures that conventionally are used in the automotive industry commonly do not achieve the design specifications defined to maximize the overall performance of the vehicle. This situation is highlighted when the overall performance of the system depends on a compromise between variables. The research developed by a German motorsport team aimed to fix the overheating problem found on the front brake system of a Formula SAE prototype using topology optimization combined with the manufacturing processes called Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) to develop and fabricate a new 4 piston monoblock brake caliper. The DMLS process is based on powder metallurgy, using an Yb-fibre laser to melt a powder material and generate the product by a progressive deposition of layers.

In the present paper, a typical Formula SAE double-wishbone suspension is discussed. This study aims to point out a preliminary chassis setup to reduce testing time on track and improve the overall performance of a prototype in a Formula SAE Skid Pad event. The influence of kinematic parameters of the suspension are analyzed to quantify how they change the capability of the tire to generate lateral force due to camber effects. To enhance results, special attention is given to a Magic Formula tire model based on a constrained forces and moments tire test data. Camber and Ackermann steering geometry showed up as major tuning tools to attempt during test period.