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One of the major challenges of biodiesel run diesel engines is poor mixture formation. This problem can be overcome by inducing the turbulence into the engine cylinder, thereby a proper mixing of air-fuel occurs. In this study, an attempt was made to assess the engine behavior in terms of its combustion, performance and emission characteristics by replacing the normal intake manifold with the internally buttress threaded manifold, which is designated as IBTM throughout the manuscript. This investigation was further carried out to run the engine with suitable blends such as WCOME10 (10% of WCOME + 90% diesel) and WCOME20 (20% of WCOME + 80% diesel). Based on the results obtained in this study, IBTM exhibits a higher BTE of about by 2.8% for WCOME20-b than that of diesel operation (at normal intake).

Biomass derived fuels have a potential to replace fossil fuels that are used in transportation. Orange oil is considered as one of the possible alternative biofuels for compression ignition (CI) engines, as it is renewable and available in a significant quantity throughout the world. It is a biomass derived fuel obtained from orange skin, which has 90% D-limonene. In this study an orange oil diesel blend is used as a test fuel in a single cylinder, four stroke, direct injection (DI) diesel engine with a power output of 4.4 kW at a rated speed of 1500 rpm to assess the performance and emission parameters of the engine, when the engine is run with three different piston geometries. The experimental results of the performance and emission parameters of the engine for the orange oil operation were compared with those of the diesel operation of the same engine and presented in this paper.