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In the last decade, pollution by particulate matter and its effect on human health has increasingly becoming the focus of public attention. In order to monitor and evaluate particulate pollution, expensive measuring stations were placed at traffic hotspots and other selected locations. The measuring devices often precisely record the particle concentration, but have disadvantages in mobility and for measurements in large-area due to their size and investment costs. A measurement with high temporal and spatial resolution is not possible with these stations. This paper presents a new type of mobile particulate sensor based on the Plantower PMS 7003 particle sensor. In addition to the Plantower sensor, a rechargeable battery and newly developed control electronics are also installed in the particulate sensor. Due to the small size and the low manufacturing costs of the measuring system, mobile usage in higher quantity is possible.

To date, no generally valid statements can be made about the service life of brake pads, which may be due to factors such as driving style, the friction material used or the varying vehicle weight. While dynamic friction models including friction history are already established [1], the investigation of wear and wear dust behavior is currently in the focus of many research projects. One example is the investigation of calculation models for brake pad wear while neglecting the temperature development in the brake [2]. In cars, temperatures of up to 800°C occur in the brake under high loads, which leads to a significant increase in wear. Accordingly, the question arises how an estimation of brake pad wear can be applied to highly dynamic load cases. To do this, however, the processes taking place in the boundary layer between pad and disc must first be comprehensively understood and described.

Despite the increase in public attention to particulate matter emissions since the millennium and the known effects on the human organism, representative predictions on the dispersion of emissions in both urban and rural areas are hardly possible so far. Especially the validation of simulations with measurement results is not possible due to the limited number and high price of certified measuring instruments. Rather, the temporally high-resolution measuring instruments are only sporadically distributed within the city, so that emission dynamics at traffic hotspots, such as traffic jams or intersections, cannot be depicted. Furthermore, due to the small number of certified measuring instruments, fine dust pollution can only be interpolated over long distances. In this paper, first results from a study about the transport characteristics of particles at a road intersection will be made by using a variety of so-called low-cost particulate matter sensors.

The NVH behavior of disc brakes in particular, is in the focus of research since a long time. Measurements at a chassis dynamometer show that brake pad wear has a significant influence on the occurrence of low- and high-frequency squealing [1]. It is suspected that high-frequency squealing is more likely to occur when the wear difference between the inner and outer brake pad is small. In the other case, if the differential wear rate between the inner and outer pads becomes higher, the prevalence of low-frequency squealing increases. In order to examine this hypothesis, this work focuses on a simplified model of a commercial brake system [2]. In a first step, the inner pad’s wear is iteratively increased, while the wear on the outer pad remains unaffected. In a second step, the coefficient of friction at the worn pad is iteratively increased to investigate the influence on the low and high-frequency squealing.

The dynamics of disc brakes, and in particular their NVH behavior, have long been the focus of research. Measurements by Rhee et al. show that brake pad wear has a significant influence on the occurrence of low and high frequency squealing [1]. It is suspected that low frequency squealing is more likely to occur when the wear difference between the inner and outer brake pads is high. If the two pads incur comparable wear, however, the prevalence of high frequency squealing increases. In order to investigate this hypothesis, this paper focuses on a simplified model of a commercial brake system. First, the friction force between the inner pad and the disc is iteratively adjusted, while the force between the outer pad and the disc is held constant. In a second step, the inner pad’s wear is iteratively increased, while the wear on the outer pad remains unaffected.

The dynamics and, in particular, the NVH phenomena in brakes are still in the focus of research. Recent investigations of for example Rhee et al. show two principal vibrational forms of the linings on the rotor [1]. The first form is characterized by vibrations where both linings are in-phase (minimal differential torque between the inner pad and the outer pad). This produces in-plane vibrations of the rotor and results in high-frequency squealing events in the brake. The second form is an antiphase vibration of the brake linings with respect to each other (increased differential torque between the inner pad and the outer pad). This produce directly out-of-plane vibrational modes of the disc, which results in lower-frequency caliper and rotor oscillations. One hypothesis is that different wear densities of the linings essentially characterize the two vibrational modes. The wear behavior is not taken into consideration of this paper as it will be discussed in further publications.