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The subject of this paper is to discuss the use of advanced combustion controls of direct injection diesel engines, to achieve simultaneous improvements in thermal efficiency while maintaining minimum pollutant emissions. In recent years, the emissions produced in the transportation sector are becoming increasingly scrutinized, leading to significantly strengthened emissions legislations with regard to NOx and CO2, especially under Real Driving Emission (RDE) conditions. Therefore, diesel combustion improvements are key to overcoming these challenges. This paper reports the following two innovative Diesel combustion control technologies to realize the objectives mentioned above. 1 Combustion improvement by accurate Combustion Rate Shaping (CRS), CRS enables direct control of in-cylinder pressure trace and heat release rate.

The coming Diesel powertrains will remain as key technology in Europe to achieve the stringent 2025 CO2 emission targets. Especially for applications which are unlikely to be powered by pure EV technology like Light Duty vehicles and C/D segment vehicles which require a long driving range this is the case. To cope with these low CO2 targets the amount of electrification e.g. in form of 48V Belt-driven integrated Starter Generator (BSG) systems will increase. On the other hand the efficiency of the Diesel engine will increase which will result in lower exhaust gas temperatures resulting in a challenge to keep the required NOx reduction system efficiencies under Real Drive Emissions (RDE) driving conditions. In order to comply with the RDE legislation down to -7 °C ambient an efficient thermal management is one potential approach. Commonly utilized means to increase exhaust gas temperature are late injection and/or intake throttling, which enable sufficient NOx reduction efficiency.