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Particulates from diesel engine consisting of particles of carbon, sulphates, oil, fuel and water are measured by filtering a sample diluted in a partial or full flow tunnel according to strict standards and weighing them. However, these methods suffer from high initial and running costs. On the other hand, filter-smoke-meters measure the light reflected from a filter paper through which a known volume of exhaust gas is passed and opacity meters measure light absorbed by a standard column of exhaust. They measure visible black smoke easily at reasonable expenditure. Today, these simple instruments are highly developed to control measurement noise, resolution and repeatability, and can be used to estimate carbon soot precisely.

Particulates from diesel engine consisting of particles of carbon, sulphates, oil, fuel and water are measured by filtering a sample diluted in a partial or full flow tunnel according to strict standards and weighing them. However, these methods suffer from high initial and running costs. On the other hand, filter smoke meters measure the light reflected from a filter paper through which a known volume of exhaust gas is passed and opacity meters measure light absorbed by a standard column of exhaust. They measure visible black smoke easily at reasonable expenditure. Today, these simple instruments are highly developed to control measurement noise, resolution and repeatability, and can be used to estimate carbon soot precisely.