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Air Pollution is a major concern in our country due to which Indian Government has taken a decision to move from BS-IV to BS-VI which is nearly 90% reduction in NOx and 50% in particulate matter along with addition of particulate number regulation for BS-VI in comparison to BS-IV norms in very short span of time. Vehicle manufacturers are also having the challenge to produce low cost and fuel efficient product with BS-VI solution in order to meet tightening emission regulations and increasing needs of lower fuel consumption. Detailed study is done with different approaches to meet BS-VI emission which is elaborately explained in different aspect of engine design and after treatment parameter with its pros and cons. After Treatment selection plays an important role in engine development to meet stringent emission legislations and customer demands. Strategies for BS-VI were described with the advantage and drawbacks for after treatment selection.

In meeting the stringent emission norms the injector selection plays a vital role. Selection of optimum injection parameters helps in achieving good spray targeting and efficient atomization of fuel to generate optimum mixing effect. The purpose of this experimental study is to investigate the effect of injection parameters on a heavy duty diesel engine performance and emission characteristics. The injection parameters such as hydraulic through flow, cone angle, number of holes & hole diameter are studied on 6-cylinder turbocharged common rail diesel engine (BS-IV). The influence of these parameters and their combinations along with the various injection strategies are analyzed using different parametric variations in order to see the combustion and performance trend of engine. The performance of the various hardware configurations are then evaluated and discussed based on the fuel consumption and exhaust emission values.