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A novel solution to anti wear-additives is to add relatively small amounts of effective Nano Additives to the main content of lubricants. Such supplement would offer an enhancement to their tribological and thermal properties as wear resistance and friction surface temperature. In this work, different types of Nano additives are used to investigate their effect on the tribological properties of a certain lubricant (TOTAL FLUIDE AT42). Three main Nano additive materials were used with two different concentration for each; Gamma aluminum oxide (Alumina Al2O3), Copper Oxide (CuO) and one-dimensional carbon Nano tubes (CNT). A pin on disc equipment fitted out with circulated lubricant system was operated for 140 hours with normal lubricant, and for 140 hours for each case of the three Nano additives, with a total working time of 980 hours. Weight loss of the pin, friction surface temperature and friction force were measured every 20 working hours.

In the present study, the enhancement of an engine performance and emission characteristics by the addition of nanoparticles to the fuel is presented. In this regard, Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) Nanoparticles were utilized as fuel additive in a single cylinder, direct injection four stroke diesel engine. Two percentages of 0.1 and 0.5% by weight of Al2O3 were tested and compared to regular diesel fuel. The results showed that nano-sized aluminum oxide can improve the performance of diesel engines and reduce the emission of pollutants like CO2 and HC compared to conventional diesel fuel. Furthermore, the results indicated that the nanofuel with nanoparticle concentration of 0.5 % gives better performance characteristics in comparison with that of 0.1 %. However, the only downside of the nanoparticle addition was the relative increase in CO emissions at low loads.

Anti-wear additives are mostly required to improve lubricant properties and hence tribological performance. Addition of nanoparticles to lubricant oils reduces friction and thus enhances the lubrication characteristics. The mechanism of friction reduction in friction could be justified by more than one method. In this work, copper oxide nano-material was added to the engine lubricant oil Mobil 1 SAE15W-40SF with 0.1% wt. concentration. Two new engines were used and operated for 1000 hours, where nanolubricant was added to one of them and regular lubricant was used in the other. Twelve samples were taken periodically from each engine. ASTM-D6595 spectrometry standard was used in order to measure the wear particles in the taken oil samples. Further investigation was done by doing more tests to some of the oil samples using Laser Net Fines Analyzer. Results showed an improvement in the friction properties through a reduction in wear rates in the case of using nano-additives.