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The limited work has been done so far using neat biodiesel in the diesel engine since it drastically reduces the brake thermal efficiency and emitting higher amount of oxides of nitrogen. Hence in the present investigation an attempt has been made to use neat biodiesels in DI diesel engine on par with diesel fuel with some alternate methods that have to be incorporated to improve the efficiency and to reduce oxides of nitrogen emission. The biodiesels used for the present investigation are nerium, mahua and calophyllum. The top of the piston is coated with ZrO2 catalyst in order to improve the performance of the engine. Further, 200 mg of L-ascorbic acid antioxidant additive is added to the neat biodiesels to improve the oxidation stability and to reduce the oxides of nitrogen emission. Experiments were conducted in a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine to find the performance and emission characteristics.

Biodiesel as an alternative diesel fuel prepared from vegetable oils or animal fats has attracted more and more attention because of its renewable and environmental friendly nature. Many recent studies shows that 20% proportion of biodiesel-diesel blend (B20) can substantially reduce the hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and smoke emissions. However, there is a slight increase in NOx emission for B20 than that of diesel and it was a barrier to market expansion. The addition of antioxidant additives was the most effective method to mitigate the NOx emission. Hence, in this paper experimental investigation has been carried out to mitigate the NOx emission in Annona biodiesel (A20) operated diesel by addition of antioxidant additives. The antioxidant additives such as p-phenylenediamine, A-tocopherol acetate and L-ascorbic acid were used in the present investigation. In recent years Annona biodiesel has been considered as potential novel renewable energy source in India.