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In the last years various advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) have been introduced on the market. More highly advanced functions up to automated driving functions are currently under research. By means of these functions partly automated driving in specific situations is already or will be realized soon, e.g. traffic jam assist. Besides the technical challenges to develop such automated driving functions for complex situations, e.g. construction or intersection areas, new approaches for the evaluation of these functions under different driving conditions are necessary, in order to assess the benefits and identify potential weaknesses. Classical approaches for evaluation and market sign off will require an extensive testing, which results in high costs and time demands. Therefore the classical approaches are hardly feasible taking into account higher levels of support and automation. Today the final sign-off requires a high amount of real world tests.

The focus of this paper is the threat assessment of perceived threat by drivers in collision avoidance situations. The understanding of the decision making process with regards to the initiation of a driver intervention is a crucial step to gain insight into driver's steering and braking behavior in case of an imminent threat (rear-end collision). Hence a study with various test subjects and a test vehicle has been conducted. The study has helped to understand how drivers behave in potential rear-end collision situations arising from the traffic situation (e.g. start of a traffic jam). This information is of major importance for designing autonomous collision avoidance systems and an important step towards autonomous driving. Autonomous driving in vehicles require system interventions to be initiated as early and safely as possible in order to avoid the collision and to avoid unstable vehicle dynamics situations.