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With a focus on a heavy diesel engine, complete set of multi-field coupling methodology aimed at analyzing and optimizing for fatigue-strength of cylinder head is proposed. A detailed model of the engine consisting of both the coolant galleries and the surrounding metal components is employed in both fluid-dynamic and structural analyses to accurately mimic the influence of the thermo-mechanical load on the cylinder head and block structural reliability. This model carries out several simulating experiments like 3-dimensional CFD of in-cylinder combustion and engine cooling jacket, simulation of cylinder head temperature field which use fluid-structure interaction, stress and strain analysis under thermal-mechanical coupling conditions and high cycle fatigue analysis. In order to assess a proper CFD setup useful for the optimization, the experimentally measured temperature distribution within the engine head is compared to the CFD forecasts.