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Lightweight of the structure is known as an effective approach to improve fuel economy and handling of the automobile. Moreover, the optimization for the powertrain increases the acceleration performance and reduces the energy consumption of driven components. In this paper, a popular powertrain of a Four-Wheel-Drive (4WD) vehicle is considered as a research object. The nonlinear hybrid mathematical model of optimization is created. The target function, whose value varies with continuous and discrete variables, is the combined moment of inertia consisting of transmission and sub-actuator. The constraints include the gear surface fatigue, gear bending fatigue, the belt tensile failure and so on. The design variable involves the sizes of gears and sheaves, the gear thickness, the numbers of sheaves and so on. Finally, some results based on the nonlinear programming principles are derived, and relative conclusions are drawn.

Biomechanics and biodynamics are increasingly focused on the automotive industry to provide comfortable driving environment, reduce driver fatigue, and improve passenger safety. Man-centered conception is a growing emphasis on the open design of automobile. During the long-term driving, occupational drivers are easily exposed to the neck pain, so it is important to reduce the muscle force load and its fatigue, which are not usually considered quantitatively during traditional ergonomics design, so standards related are not well developed to guide the vehicle design; On the other hand, the head-neck models are always built based on the statics theory, these are not sufficient to predict the instantaneous variation of the muscle force. In this paper, a head-neck model with multi DOFs is created based on multibody dynamics. Firstly, a driver-vehicle-road model considering driver multi-rigid body model, vehicle subsystems, and different ranks of pavement is built.

The parameter vibration is a hot topic for nonlinear vibration. Some results of its study have been used in aerospace, machining technology, motor vibration and many other fields, and the sport that people play on the swing is a classic one. In this paper, by creating the model of standard human body and swing, a biomechanical compound pendulum consisting of nine bodies and relevant force elements consisting of springs and dampers are regarded, then the movement is simulated in ADAMS. The time history of the swinging angle of the system is measured and the trace of the mass center is also displayed. Furthermore, in order to examine the stability of the system, the phase portraits are provided, and the stable diagram is obtained under different values of relevant parameters.