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Development of a 2-cylinder uneven firing engine from a 4-cylinder parent engine is associated with variation in air mass flow due to the combined effects of both engine downsizing as well the large firing gap between the cylinders especially 540°. This affects the turbocharger performance & durability and engine emissions due to fluctuations in the air mass flow. This paper investigates the effects of engine geometries such as stroke, valve overlap, cam profiles, intake and exhaust manifold configuration and surge tank effect through one-dimensional thermodynamic simulations and experimental tests, thus reducing the pulsation effect by 85%. Two engine configurations - naturally aspirated engine for 15 kVA power rating and turbocharged version for 30 kVA power rating were considered for the development study.

Diesel engines are primarily being used for Power Generation due to its higher thermal efficiency and its superior fuel consumption compared to gasoline engines. Due to the growing awareness of environment protection and producing eco-friendly products, government agencies throughout the world have started introducing legislations which would limit the emissions produced by engines and would help in resolving the cause for cleaner and greener environment. In similar lines, Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has proposed to introduce the next stage of stringent emission norms for engines used in Power Generation by April 2014 which are comparable to the best in the world. This paper deals with the strategies applied and experimental results for meeting the proposed CPCB-II norms.

Off-road BS III CEV (US-TIER III equivalent) emission regulations for diesel engines (i.e. Construction Equipment Vehicles) in India demands a technology upgrade to achieve a large reduction in NOx (>50%) and Particulate Matter (>50%) compared to BS II CEV emission levels. EGR is a widely accepted technology for NOx reduction in off-road engines due to lower initial and operating costs. But EGR has its own inherent deficiency of poor thermal efficiency due to lack of oxygen and further increase in soot adding complexity of meeting PM Emissions. Hence an engine meeting BS III CEV norms without EGR/SCR technologies with low initial investment is most desired solution for Indian off-road segment. This work deals with the development of an off-road diesel engine rating from 56 to 74 kW, focused mainly on in-cylinder optimization with the aid of optimum injection and charging strategies.

The present work describes an approach to predict the vehicle fuel economy by simulating its engine drive cycle on a transient engine dynamometer in an engine testbed. The driving cycles investigated in the current study were generated from the typical experimental data measured on different vehicles ranging from Intermediate Commercial Vehicle (ICV) to Heavy-duty Commercial Vehicle (HCV) in real-world traffic conditions include various cities, highways and village roads in India. Reliability and robustness of the method was studied on various engines with cubic capacity from 3.8 liters to 8 liters using different drive cycles, and the results were discussed. Later, using same measured drive cycles, vehicle fuel economy was predicted by a vehicle simulation tool (AVL CRUISE) and results were compared with experimental data. In addition, engine coolant temperature effect on fuel economy was investigated.