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In the present paper, a three-dimensional numerical analysis model based on elastic deformation was applied to analyze the compression top piston ring-liner friction of heavy duty diesel engine, considering the rheological lubrication, the newton fluid model was applied to the numerical analysis. The result illuminates that the turning point of friction transforms from rigid hydrodynamic lubrication to elastohydrodynamic lubrication is around 4°∼8°CRA BTDC (crank angle before top dead center) on the compression stroke in this calculation model. In comparison, the surface elastic deformation was started near 10°CRA BTDC on the compression stroke which is significantly clearer than the lubricant elastic deformation. A friction tester was applied to verify the calculation results. The experiment proved that the model based on elastic deformation is closer to the actual situation and the calculation result at a lower temperature is more precise than that of higher temperature.