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Thanks to direct injection and turbocharging, downsizing technology has found widespread acceptance in series production engines. Fuel consumption for NEDC and also real world driving conditions can be reduced significantly depending on the extend of downsizing. For future applications 3 cylinder gasoline engines have already been announced for up to 140 kW by premium OEMs. Recent developments focus on well-adjusted downsizing rates taking into account merits and demerits of conventional charging technologies. One of the biggest challenge in the development process is to meet the customer's demands regarding vehicle driveability for downsized turbocharged gasoline engines for real world driving conditions. Scavenging has proven to be very beneficial to meet the required vehicle responsiveness. Pressure charged production engines are now delivering more than 200 % of the BMEP that was typical for naturally aspirated engines a few years ago.