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The standard emission protocol including driving cycle is performed for the legislative fuel economy and emission testing of the vehicles in a laboratory. The driving cycles are expected to represent actual driving pattern and energy requirements. However, recent studies showed that the gap between real world driving conditions and the standard driving cycle is widening, as the traffic pattern and vehicle population is varying dynamically and the change in the emission procedures is not synchronized with the same pace. More so, as the process of harmonization of emission legislations is in progress to narrow down the country specific variation of emission regulation, as this will help in the smooth globalization of the automotive business process. The new regulation for in-service conformity is being considered to reduce the emissions in real-world driving.

In this study, A Gasoline Passenger car (Euro IV) was experimentally investigated for performance and emissions on three different fuels i.e. Gasoline, LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) and DME (Di-methyl ether) blend with a concentration of 20% by mass in LPG (DME20). In particular, emission characteristics (including Hydrocarbon, CO, NOx, and CO2) over the Modified Indian Driving Cycle (MIDC) and fuel economy were investigated at the Vehicle Emission Laboratory (VEL) at the CSIR- Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun, India. The experimental results showed that Vehicle complies with Euro IV legislation on gasoline and LPG fuel, however, showed higher NOx Emissions on DME 20 fuel. LPG kit was reconfigured for DME and LPG blend to bring down the emissions within the specified emission limits. The Emission values observed for DME20 were 0.635 g/km (CO), 0.044 g/km (THC), and 0.014 g/km (NOx) against the Euro IV limits of 1.0 g/km, 0.1 g/km and 0.08 g/km, respectively.

In developing countries like India, large numbers of portable gensets are used as a power source due to the scarcity of grid power supply. The portable gensets, ranging from 0.5 kW to 5 kW are very popular in the residential areas, for example, small restaurants, and shopping complexes, etc. These gensets are using various fuels like gasoline, diesel, LPG, and kerosene in small internal combustion engines. Such engines are the significant source of air pollution, as these are running in the vicinity of populated areas and higher human exposure to these pollutants.Theses gensets are regulated by exhaust and noise emissions norms, set by statutory bodies like the ministry of environment and forest and central pollution control board of India.

Vehicles are tested in controlled and relatively narrow laboratory conditions to determine their type approval emission values and reference fuel consumption. Some studies have shown that real world driving emissions are much higher as compared to laboratory measurements. The difference was caused by two important factors, i.e. ambient conditions (temperature and altitude) and actual real-world driving cycles. For this reason, the European Commission had constituted a working group which developed a complementary Real-Driving Emissions (RDE) test procedure using the Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS). RDE test will verify gaseous pollutant and particle number emissions during a wide range of normal operating conditions on the road. In RDE test specific boundary conditions of the temperatures, classified as moderate (0 ≤Tamb < 30), Extended (low): -7 ≤Tamb < 0 and Extended (high): 30

A drive cycle is a time series of vehicle speed pattern developed to simulate real world driving conditions. These driving cycles are used for estimating vehicle on-road energy consumption, vehicle emissions, and traffic impact. Vehicle operating on fossil fuels are a significant source of air pollution, and these are being replaced by a small electrical vehicle in congested road traffic conditions, such as densely populated residential areas, near hospitals and market places, etc. The electrical vehicle run quieter and does not produce emissions like combustion engines. So far, there is no existing drive cycle officially developed for electric three wheelers which can represent real world driving pattern in India. In this study, 15 electrical auto rickshaws were driven by different drivers in various routes of a Tier II city of India and vehicle speed and time pattern were recorded using onboard Global Positioning System (GPS).

The main objectives this paper is two-fold. First, the paper highlights the role of good road and traffic infrastructure for improving the on-road fuel economy of vehicle. Second, it investigate the dynamic driving parameters like positive tractive power level, modes of driving and velocity acceleration envelopes, affecting the on road energy demand and fuel economy. In this study, the gasoline passenger car was driven about 260 km each on two different intercity highways by same driver and at same load. The road and traffic condition of two highways was chosen entirely different, one highway as well organized and other as poorly organized. The fuel consumption and speed time trace were captured using on-board equipments in the field run. The average on road fuel economy was observed as 16.65 km/l (around 18% higher) for well organized highway as compared to 14.13 km/l for other highway.