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Biodiesel, which is made from the methyl ester of vegetable oils, is becoming more and more popular as an alternative fuel for compression ignition engines because it is good for the environment and can be used as a replacement fuel without making major changes to the engine. Biodiesel offers several key advantages, including its ready availability, environment friendly and its ability to contribute to lower carbondioxide levels in the atmosphere. An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)-equipped Kirloskar compression ignition engine is used in this research to examine the influence of micro-explosions on the reduction of nitrogen oxides and smoke. The fuel chosen is Karanji oil methyl ester. The experiment involved varying the exhaust gas quantity in increments of 5%, ranging from 5% to 15%, as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is recognized as an effective technique for reducing NOx emissions. Similarly, the study also adjusted the water content, ranging from 5% to 15% in 5% increments.

Nickel-based superalloys are frequently adopted in various engineering applications, such as the production of food processing equipment, aerospace parts, and chemical processing equipment. Because of higher strength and thermal conductivity, they are often regarded as difficult-to-machine materials in certain processes. Various methods were evolved for machining the hard materials such as Nickel-based superalloys more effective. One of these is wire electrical discharge machining. In this paper, we will discuss the development of an artificial neural network model and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system that can be used to predict the future performance of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM). The paper uses the Taguchi and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) design techniques to analyze the model’s variable input. It aims to simulate the various characteristics of the process and its predicted values.

Among the challenging materials used in high-temperature applications is Inconel 625. Due to its low thermal coefficient and greater strength, traditional methods tend to produce poor results when it comes to turning Inconel 625. In order to overcome these issues, a new approach has been proposed that utilizes unconventional techniques. WEDM is a variant of the electrical discharge manufacturing process that is commonly used in the production of complex components. It is mainly utilized for the hard to machine parts. A study on the process parameters of WEDM for the machining of Inconel 625 was performed by utilizing the analysis of Taguchi. The study focused on the various parameters of the process, such as peak current, pulse on time, and off time. The performance measures that were considered in this study included surface roughness and material removal rate. The results of the analysis revealed that the various process variables affected the performance indicators.

Three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has become an integral part in analysing engine in-cylinder processes since it provides detailed information on the flow and combustion, which helps to find design improvements during the development of modern engine concepts. The predictive capability of simulation tools depends largely on the accuracy, fidelity and robustness of the various models used, in particular concerning turbulence and combustion. In this study, a flamelet model with a physics based closure for the progress variable dissipation rate is applied for the first time to a spark ignited IC engine. The predictive capabilities of the proposed approach are studied for one operating condition of a gasoline port fuel injected single-cylinder, four-stroke spark ignited full-metal engine running at 3,500 RPM close to full load (10 bar BMEP) at stoichiometric conditions.

Air motion inside the engine cylinder plays a predominant role on combustion and emission processes. An attempt has been made in this investigation to simulate the in-cylinder air motion in a DI diesel engine with four different piston configurations such as dome piston, bowl on dome and pentroof piston and pentroof offset bowl piston. For computational analysis, the commercial general purpose code STAR-CD Es-ice has been used, which works on the method of finite volume. To validate the simulation, qualitative and quantitative comparisons have been done with the PIV results available in the literature. From this study, the best possible piston configuration has been arrived at.

Direct injection diesel engines are used in both light duty and heavy duty vehicles because of higher thermal efficiency compared to SI engines. However, due to only short time available for fuel-air mixing, combustion process depends on proper mixing. As a result, DI Diesel engine emits more NOx and soot into the atmosphere. Therefore, to achieve better combustion with less emission and also to accelerate the fuel-air mixing to improve the combustion, appropriate design of combustion chamber is crucial. Hence, in this work a study has been carried out using CFD to evaluate the effect of combustion chamber configuration on Diesel combustion with two different piston bowls. The two different piston configurations considered in this study are centre bowl on flat piston and pentroof offset bowl piston.