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Proper lubrication is essential for any gear box & axle to get optimized performance. For getting desired life of gear train, we have to maintain minimum oil level inside the gear box or axle, whereas in case of rotating parts such as bearings and shafts, we have to provide sealing such as o rings & oil seals to stop oil coming out from the housing. But, if sealing is not proper seepage & leakage start and reduce the oil level inside the gear box. Oil deficiency leads to scuffing failure in gears and later occurrence of gear & bearing seizure ultimately fails the system. To sustain proper lubrication, we must seal the interfaces appropriately. There are different types of sealing available. Sealing is also depended on application and its location. To protect seal from external environment, we adopt a unique arrangement called slinger which enhances the life of seal.

Tractors with 4WD drive perform better in slick, off road or muddy conditions (especially in Agricultural and constructional Field applications) where torque is required at all the wheels. The purpose of four wheel drive or all-wheel drive is to transmit power to all the wheels. In case of 2WD the power from engine is transferred to the rear wheels of a tractor through transmission. But in case of 4 WD tractors and construction equipment, power from engine is transferred to the front wheels through drop box and the driveline (propeller shaft). This Paper describes the need of an offset driveline where there is an offset between the Drop box output shaft center and the front axle input shaft center. This offset is the result of zero keel angle of the tractor. In order to maintain zero keel angle and transfer power to front wheels, an offset driveline with three shafts has been design &developed.

The purpose of a differential is to allow the wheels of an automobile to turn at different speeds so that it does not skid during turning. However when a vehicle runs on a slick or muddy surface (especially in Agricultural and constructional Field applications) that same feature causes the wheel with less traction to spin freely as this unit transmits power to the tire with least amount of traction. The function of a difflock is to lock the differential gears, by locking the differential, both the axles receive equal power and hence equal traction is available at both the tires. This Paper describes the positive locking of a differential by stopper, and also in detail the problems associated with its engagement and disengagement in tractors and construction equipment's. Additionally a concept for a difflock stopper which has been experimentally proven for tractors and construction equipment's is also discussed.