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Extensive studies of off-road non-pneumatic tires (NPTs) were conducted for light and heavy equipment due to their advantages over conventional pneumatic tires in terms of low rolling resistance, thus no need for air pressure maintenance. Finite element (FE) simulations of NPT contact pressure, contact shear stress, vertical stiffness, von mises stress, and rolling resistance were performed using ABAQUS software in a series of vertical loads to simulate tire models of three different spokes geometries on unpaved soil to verify NPT performance under different conditions. The spokes geometries were hexagonal (honeycomb) spoke, hexagonal re-entrant (Lattice) spoke and spoke with curvature called spoke pairs. It was found that the rolling resistance of the honeycomb structure has the lowest value, while the contact shear stress and contact pressure were the highest.

In this paper, a fuzzy-PID controller is applied in a half vehicle active suspension system to enhance vibration levels of vehicle chassis and passenger seat. The fuzzy-PID controller consists of fuzzy and PID connecting in a series manner, the fuzzy output is considered as the PID input. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is selected to tune controller parameters to obtain optimal values that minimize the objective function. The equations of motion of five-degrees-of-freedom active half-vehicle suspension system are derived and simulated using Matlab/Simulink software. Double bumps and random road excitations are used to study the performance of suspension systems including bounce and pitch motion. The performance of the active suspension system using optimized fuzzy-PID controller is compared with conventional passive to show the efficiency of the proposed active suspension system.

The present work investigates the effect of magnetorheological fluid (MRF) on limited slip differential (LSD) system for automotive applications to improve torque distribution which influences traction and maneuverability. The proposed differential system uses a magnetorheological fluid which permits to control the locking torque effectively and then improve the vehicle traction characteristics. To evaluate the proposed system, a prototype model involves some rotating clutches submerged in MRF associated with an electromagnet coil was built. Experimental tests were carried out in two cases, first case by applying mechanical force on the friction clutches and the second by applying magnetic field to change the MRF viscosity. The yield stress of MRF depends on the magnetic field applied by the electromagnet by varying electric current. The controllable yield stress generates friction force on the rotating clutches surfaces to transmit torque.