Search Results

The exhaust emissions from diesel combustion are the sources of particulate matter emitted to the atmosphere, which are components of air pollution that implicated in human health such as lung cancer. At present the diesel particulate filter can remove PM from the exhaust gas before emitted to the atmosphere. This research is investigating morphology and structure of acicular mullite to develop the fabrication process filter in order to study particulate matters trapping and oxidation mechanisms. This paper used two main substances to study the structure of diesel particulate filter (DPFs); Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and Silicon dioxide (SiO2). These are mainly in the conventional DPFs. The variable substances are Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and Vanadium oxide (V2O5), which added to investigate and produce the acicular mullite DPFs structure. The mullite samples were sintered at 1300 oC with holding time of 1 h.

Derived from palm Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME), high quality biodiesel called H-FAME has been introduced in order to increase its percentage blended with diesel. Due to monoenen-rich FAME by partial hydrogenation process, H-FAME is superior oxidation and thermal stability. In the current study, the effects of 20 percent of high quality biodiesel blended with diesel (B20) on the compatibility of polymeric engine parts have been investigated by means of the immersion test. Pure diesel has also test as the reference. Following SAE J1748 in conjunction with ASTM D471, selected commercial engine parts such as fuel hose and tank were immersed in the test fuels. In addition, Viton fluoroelastomers, neoprene and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) were also soaked for comparison. Apparent percent weight increase was used to indicate the change of the engine parts after exposed to the test fuels. Mechanical properties, tensile test was performed to manifest the compatibility of elastomers.

Nowadays, the diesel engine models are developed from a unit pump to a common-rail injector. With palm methyl ester (commonly known as biodiesel) with higher viscosity and density than conventional diesel being used as alternative fuel for diesel, palm methyl ester may affect the injection characteristics. Injection pressure is one of the important parameters of common rail injector. Because of its effects on the pressure between command port and control volume, which activates a needle lift during injection process. This paper presents injection characteristics of solenoid injector experimented in a Zeuch’s chamber with a focus on injection pressure frequency, injection pressure amplitude, injection pressure stable duration. Commercial diesel (with mandate of 5% biodiesel blend or B5) and palm methyl ester (B100) were used as the test fuels at various injection pressures (40, 80, 120 and 160 MPa).

The effects of high quality biodiesel, namely, partially Hydrogenated Fatty Acid Methyl Ester or H-FAME, on 50,000km on-road durability test of unmodified common-rail vehicle have been investigated. Thailand popular brand new common-rail light duty vehicle, Isuzu D-Max Spacecab, equipped with 4JK1-STD engine (DOHC 4-cylinder 2.5L, M/T 4×2, Euro III emission) was chosen to undergo on-road test composed of well-mixed types of mountain, suburb and urban road conditions over the entire 50,000km. Jatropha-derived high quality biodiesel, H-FAME, conforming to WWFC (worldwide fuel charter) specification, was blended with normal diesel (Euro IV) at 10% (v/v) as tested fuel. Engine performance (torque and power), emission (CO, NOx, HC+NOx and PM), fuel consumption and dynamic response (0-100km acceleration time and maximum velocity) were analyzed at initial, middle and final distance; whereas, used lube oil analysis was conducted every 10,000km.

Formerly, the Hydro-treated Vegetable Oil (HVO) blended fuels has been studied by running the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and found that the higher HVO blended fuel can suppress NOX, lowering the particulate matter (PM) while improving the vehicle fuel economy. The result also shown that the 20% HVO + 5%FAME blended with diesel fuel has been proven to compatible with the advance diesel engine technology via the severe engine durability tests and fuel injection system tests. Therefore, the effects of two paraffinic diesel fuels, which are Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) and Hydro-treated Vegetable Oil (HVO), on a common-rail DI diesel engine have been mainly focused in this work. The main objective of this work was to study the relationships between fuel properties and theirs combustion characteristics by analyzing cylinder pressure data and exhaust emissions intensively.

The increase of air pollution and global warming is a threat for human life. Besides, the price of petroleum is increasing rapidly and the resources are diminishing. This obliged scientists and engineers to look for alternative sources of energy, which are cleaner and more sustainable. Biodiesel, defined as mono-alkyls of esters from vegetable oils and animals fat, is a cleaner renewable fuel and has been considered as the best alternative for petroleum based diesel fuel hence it can be used in any compression ignition engines without any significant modification. The main advantages of using biodiesel are its renewability and better quality of exhaust gas emissions due to their higher content of oxygen. The produce less soot and hence the feed stuck is plant it will regenerate the CO2 by the photosynthesis which ensures the renewability and reduces global warming.