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Emissions of diesel engine are considered to be harmful to health especially particulate emissions. Therefore, the introduction of diesel particulate filters (DPF) were successively forced by government due to reducing the emission limits to a level where inner engine measures are not sufficient anymore. To limit additional fuel consumption by increasing backpressure over the DPF, the collected soot has to be regenerated continuously or discrete by active regeneration. Active regeneration is usually realized by injecting additional fuel either due to the engines injection system into the combustion chamber (late post injection) or via an additional fuel injection device in the exhaust line. This enables increasing exhaust temperature and / or an exothermic reaction in the diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) of the aftertreatment system.

Full flow particulate filters are a state of the art solution for many serial production diesel engine applications. They are very effective for removing ≻ 90% of particulate mass and ≻ 99% of the particulate number from the exhaust gas of diesel engines. Many diesel engines have to work at load profiles which necessitate active regeneration procedures to ensure continued engine operation and the reliability of the full flow particulate filter. Passive regeneration via NO₂, as a cost-effective solution, cannot be used as the sole method for all applications, due to restrictions such as, insufficient engine-out NOX/PM ratio, low exhaust gas temperature level or occasionally poor fuel quality. To meet the Tier 4 emission legislation casually partial flow particulate filters enable sufficient particulate reduction at boundary conditions where full flow DPF is not applicable.