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The prevalence of turbocharged engines in passenger car applications has been increasing rapidly, particularly in the past decade or so. The tightening of emissions requirements and goals for engine downsizing has significantly increased the demand on turbocharger compressor stable operating ranges and efficiency levels, for both diesel and gasoline engines. The operability limits of single-stage turbocharger centrifugal compressors are being severely tested, and customization of some key aerodynamic technologies is required to meet the challenge. This paper addresses some critical design challenges in wide-operability, single-stage turbocharger compressors for advanced automotive diesel engine applications. Starting with a few technological ground rules, a brief exploration of the design space for two notional advanced engine operating lines is presented.