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Occurrence of knock in spark ignition (SI) engines is usually suppressed by inhibiting auto-ignition of the fuel-air mixture. A steep increase in pressure by auto-ignition of the local mixture is thought to initiate the pressure oscillation, which results in knock. Therefore, in order to prevent knock, the strength of the pressure oscillation would be decreased by reducing the local heat release of the end gas. In this study, the oxidation reaction rate of the auto-ignition was attempted to be reduced by dilution of the mixture. The effect of mixture dilution on the strength of pressure oscillation, that is knock intensity, was examined using a rapid compression machine (RCM) and a single cylinder SI engine. The test result of compression ignition of homogeneous mixture using RCM showed that increase in dilution ratio could decrease the knock intensity even if the input heat increased and the auto-ignition timing advanced.

This paper presents the effects of a lubricant oil droplet on the start of combustion of a fuel-air mixture. Lubricant oil is thought to be a major source of low-speed pre-ignition in highly boosted spark ignition engines. However, the phenomenon has not yet been fully understood because its unpredictability and the complexity of the mixture in the engine cylinder make analysis difficult. In this study, a single oil droplet in a combustion cylinder was considered as a means of simplifying the phenomenon. The conditions under which a single oil droplet ignites earlier than the fuel-air mixture were investigated. Tests were conducted by using a rapid compression expansion machine. A single oil droplet was introduced into the cylinder through an injector developed for this study. The ignition and the flame propagation were observed through an optical window, using a high-speed video camera.