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Indian Bharat Stage (BS) vehicular emission norms were introduced in the year 2000 which was two emission stages behind Europe. During last decade India has progressed faster compared to Europe and have implemented BS-IV emission norms in 2010 which is one stage behind Europe. This paper reviews progress of Indian vehicular emissions, and On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) legislations. Further, it also explores the technology advancements in engine emission control devices and Fuel quality happened due to tightening of emission norms.

Natural gas (CNG) vehicles have been introduced in many parts of world including India, Europe and United States and achieved tremendous success in addressing the energy security and pollution challenges. This paper describes in detail the safety requirements for CNG vehicles in India, Europe and United States. Various safety and design requirements for CNG fuel system components such as gas cylinders, cylinder valves, fuel lines, filling connection, pressure regulator, gas-air mixer, electrical systems, are explained. The safety requirements described in ISO standards, UN-ECE standards, USA FMVSS, NFPA standards and Indian Standards are compared and discussed in detail. It also specifies the procedure for commissioning and installation of CNG vehicles. Further, it is concluded that all these international standards for CNG vehicles have adequate provisions with regard to impact protection, passenger safety and fire safety.