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The Heat Balance Method (HBM) is used for estimating the heating and cooling loads encountered in a vehicle cabin. A load estimation model is proposed as a comprehensive standalone model which uses the cabin geometry and material properties as the inputs. The model is implemented in a computer code applicable to arbitrary driving conditions. Using a lumped-body approach for the cabin, the present model is capable of estimating the thermal loads for the simulation period in real-time. Typical materials and a simplified geometry of a specific hybrid electric vehicle are considered for parametric studies. Two different driving and ambient conditions are simulated to find the contribution and importance of each of the thermal load categories. The Supplemental Federal Test Procedure (SFTP) standard driving cycle is implemented in the simulations for two North American cities and the results are compared.

A rigorous three-dimensional analytical model is proposed to investigate thermal response of batteries to transient heat generation during their operation. The modeling is based on integral-transform technique that gives a closed-form solution for the fundamental problem of heat conduction in battery cores with orthotropic thermal conductivities. The method is examined to describe spatial and temporal temperature evolution in a sample prismatic lithium-ion battery (EiG ePLB C020), subjected to transient heat generation in its bulk, and various convective cooling boundary conditions at its surfaces (the most practical case is considered, when surrounding medium is at a constant ambient temperature). The full-field solutions take the form of a rapidly converging triple infinite sum whose leading terms provide a very simple and accurate approximation of the battery thermal behavior.