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As demand grows for new in-vehicle features, a large number of electronic control modules are being introduced in the automobile to increase passenger's comfort, safety, entertainment and overall performance. The performance parameters of features such as electronic power steering, engine management systems, anti-lock braking systems, airbag systems, transmission systems, navigation and entertainment systems are monitored and controlled by electronic control units (ECUs). Vehicle-level ECU testing for small hardware or software changes is not practical and it is expensive. Therefore, bench-level testing is an effective way to ensure ECU functionality, as long as the tester is able to effectively simulate vehicle conditions during the bench test. Bench-level testing involves use of either static or programmable simulators to simulate the required functionalities. The programmable simulator is generally a better tool than the static simulator because it is configurable.