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First, this paper focuses on classification of near-miss incidents with pedestrian into typical scenarios, and then incident data are analyzed under the assumption that pedestrian detection system has a pre-determinant sensing performance. The data of 220 near-miss incidents with pedestrian when own vehicle goes straight are employed. We proposed a set of eight scenarios which structure is not necessarily hierarchical. The eight scenarios cover about 75% of the incidents. To highlight the characteristics of the eight scenarios, two kinds of vector-diagrams are introduced which illustrate the transition of relative position between pedestrian and own-vehicle, and TTC-TTV (Time To Collision - Time To Vehicle) relation respectively. For example, in a relative position diagram, we can grasp the pedestrian's relative position which the detection system finds the pedestrian first when he/she appeared with pre-determinant wide detection angle.

Electric vehicles usually have shorter cruising range because of their limited battery capacity. Various kinds of field operation tests on their user acceptance have been executed in all parts of the world. The authors carried out one-year field test using two types of EVs in the market. They were served for tourism use or general use. The field is mountainous area with a low population density and heavily snow-covered in the winter season. This paper mainly reports the impacts of road gradient and temperature change on their energy consumption (or electric mileage) in such severe driving environment for EV operation.