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The objective of this work is to optimize the operating parameters of the Direct Injection Single Cylinder (5.2 kw) CI engine with respect to Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), Hydrocarbons (HC) and Carbon dioxide (CO2). For this investigation, we used Simarouba Biodiesel as an alternate fuel for diesel fuel which possesses low cetane number which is not sufficient to operate existing diesel engine. However, this could be combined with the diesel fuel in the form of blends. For this investigation four levels and four parameters were selected viz. Injection Pressure (IP), Fuel Fraction (FF), Compression Ratio (CR) and Injection Timing (Before TDC). Taguchi Method is used for minimizing the number of experiments and Multiple Regression Analysis is used to find the optimum condition. Three outputs variables such as; Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), content of HC particles and CO2 in the emission are measured and considered its influence on CI Engine performance.

Vibration is the most considerable factor in dynamics of machinery. Vibration causes an adverse effect on engine components and may reduce the life of the engine. The conventional fossil fuel sources are limited in the world. The dependency on diesel should be reduced by using biodiesel as an alternative fuel in next few years. The input parameters are affected on engine performance and emission. The present study mainly focuses on an optimization of vibrations, performance and emission using Taguchi and multiple regression analysis for biodiesel as a fuel. The test was performed on a single cylinder, four-stroke, diesel engine with VCR. Taguchi method is used to prepare the design of experiment of the L16 array to minimize the number of experiments and multiple regression analysis used for finding the best relationship between the input and output parameters. The selected input parameters are- fuel fraction, compression ratio, injection pressure and injection timing.

Abstract: This paper presents an experimental study on engine performance & emission based on Taguchi method and grey relational analysis for optimization of six input parameters and their five levels. Combined effect of input parameters viz. compression ratio, injection pressure, injection-nozzle geometry, additive, fuel fraction and EGR in controlling BSFC and NOxas the response variables in CI engine fueled with Mangifera Indica biodiesel blends was investigated. Number of experiments was reduced by employing Taguchi's L25orthogonal array. The signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and grey relational analysis techniques were used for data analysis. The combination of six input parameters was obtained for optimized engine performance and emission. The optimal combination of input parameters so obtained was further confirmed through experiments. The injection nozzle geometry was the most influencing parameter.

The depletion of resources, increased cost of fossil fuel and increased environmental awareness reaching the critical condition. Development of viable alternative fuels from renewable resources is gaining the international attention and acceptance. The vegetable oils have the potential of alternative fuel for compression ignition engines by converting it into biodiesel. The mangifera indica oil is a nonedible vegetable oil, available in large quantities in mango cultivating countries including India. Very little research has been done on utilization of oil in general and optimization of transesterification process for biodiesel production. In the present study, transesterification process with use of homogeneous catalyst has been optimized.

The mangifera indica oil is a nonedible vegetable oil, which is available in large quantities in mango cultivating countries including India. Very little research has been done on utilization of oil in general and optimization of transesterification process for biodiesel production. In present study, the transesterification processes with heterogeneous catalyst. The various input parameters like methanol to oil molar ratio (1:08, 1:12 and 1:16), heterogeneous catalyst types (ZnO, MgO and CaO), catalyst concentration (0.5, 1 and 1.5 wt %) and reaction temperature (59, 64 and 69°C) were studied by applying the orthogonal experimental array L9.ANOVA (F-test at P=0.05 contribution of each signal to noise factor) technique was used for optimization with the objective of maximizing the yield of high quality mangifera indica oil biodiesel.