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Diesel-fuelled homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines are a new area of focused research as improvements are sought in internal combustion engine technology to reduce energy consumption and air pollution. This paper proposes a new method of utilizing the flash boiling injection effect of high-temperature diesel fuel to improve the fuel-spray evaporation and mixing in HCCI diesel engines. A visual test bench of quasi-stable state fuel injection spray was established, and the influence of high temperature flash boiling injection of diesel fuel on Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) was tested by laser droplet size analysis. The SMD distributions of diesel engine fuel was measured under different injection pressure and fuel temperatures, and the flash-boiling spray effects on decreasing the fuel droplet diameter, and improving the spray mixture were verified. A Model ZS195, single-cylinder, direct-injection diesel engine was used to test the HCCI combustion efficiency.