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Motorcycle sales have increased consistently during the last decade mostly in developing countries, especially in the BRICS. Low cost and less fuel consumption comparing to cars associated to the economic growth are the main reason for such trend. Emission limits have become stricter and the use of gas after treatment devices is widely present in new models. Flex fuel motorcycles have now become available, but effects of the combination of diverse gasoline/ethanol blends on the emissions are still an open issue that requires further understanding. This paper presents the most recent results regarding regulated and unregulated emissions from a Flex Fuel motorcycle fuelled with 4 different gasoline/ethanol blends: E22, E61, E85 and 100% ethanol. Both regulated (CO, THC, NOx) and unregulated emissions (Aldehydes, NMHC, NH3, N2O) were studied.

Brazil is one of the biggest markets for motorcycles around the world. New emission legislation is taking place leading to the release of new motorcycles equipped with catalyst converters and electronic injection system. Although emission formation is quite understood regarding light duty vehicles, it is necessary to do further studies for motorcycles vehicles. This paper presents the results of an investigation regarding regulated and unregulated emissions (aldehydes and ammonia) from four 4-stroke gasoline motorcycles. Three motorcycles equipped with three-way catalytic converters and one EURO 1 motorcycle, without catalyst system, were tested on a chassis dynamometer according to the 97/24/EC drive cycle. Regulated emissions (CO, HC, and NOx) were measured with 7000 series Horiba benches and unregulated emissions were analyzed by a SESAM series AVL FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Analyzer), including pre- and post-catalytic converter data acquisition.