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Accurate simulation of icing is important for the assessment of several potential icing scenarios and complex icing regulations. However, performing all possible icing scenarios is a demanding process in terms of computational cost, especially when modification of the geometry due to ice accretion is required. Additionally, aircraft icing safety assessment necessitates an evaluation of the accumulated ice. Thus, numerical representation of the non-linear and complex geometries is essential for the parametrization of this ice. Indeed, surrogate models have the capability of predicting these complex, non-linear shapes. For this purpose, a method for ice accretion prediction on a selected airfoil, NACA 22112, is proposed in this study with different surrogate models that will later be used for fast prediction in 6DOF simulations to directly evaluate its effects on aerodynamic performance during flight.

Distinct parts of the aircraft may be exposed to different icing conditions due to varying flow and ambient conditions around them. These differences can be easily noticed, especially when icing conditions on the external surface and inside the engine air intake are compared for a jet aircraft. In this paper, the icing conditions around these parts are matched to between them. The purpose of this comparison study is to evaluate the functionality of ice detectors, located inside the air inlets, in detecting icing conditions around external surfaces as well. These systems provide information to the flight crew and/or airplane systems concerning inflight icing. On jet fighter or trainer type aircraft, they are generally located inside the engine air intake that serve as a warning equipment for icing risks on the aircraft engine itself. Sometimes, their warnings are also valid for intake lip ice detection if they are properly located.

Ice crystal ingestion to aircraft engines may cause ice to accrete on internal components, leading to flameout, mechanical damage, rollback, etc. Many in-flight incidents have occurred in the last decades due to engine failures especially at high altitude convective weather conditions [1]. Thus, in the framework of HAIC FP7 European project, the physical mechanisms of ice accretion on surfaces exposed to ice-crystals and mixed-phase conditions are investigated. Within the HAIC FP7 European project, TAI will implement models related to the ice crystal accretion calculation to the existing ice accumulation prediction program for droplets, namely TAICE. Considered models include heat transfer & phase change model, drag model and impact model. Moreover, trajectory model and Extended Messinger Model require some modifications to be used for ice crystal accretion predictions.