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This contribution deals with the modeling and validation of multi-physical battery-models, by using the programming language Modelica. The article presents a battery model which can be used to simulate the electric, thermal and aging behavior of a lithium-ion traction battery of an EV in different load conditions. The model is calibrated with experimental data of an electric vehicle tested on a chassis dynamometer. The calibration parameters, that are the open circuit voltage, the serial resistance and the resistance and capacitance of two serially connected RC-circuits, are used to configure the electric equivalent circuit model of the battery. The calibration process is based on a best-fit of the measured data from one test, while the validation is made by comparing measured and simulated battery voltages of a different battery load cycle.

Energy efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs) and the representativeness of different driving cycles are important aspects to address EVs performance in real-world driving conditions. This paper presents the results of an explorative tests campaign carried out at the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission to investigate the impact of different driving cycles on the energy consumption of an electric vehicle available on the market. The vehicle is a battery electric city-car which has been tested over the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), the current version of the World-wide harmonized Light vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC) and the World-wide Motorcycle emission Test Cycle (WMTC). The tests are performed at different ambient temperatures (namely +23 °C and −7 °C) with and without the use of the Heating Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) system (in cooling and heating mode, respectively).

In this work two concepts of automotive power trains are analyzed and compared using multi-physical simulation. The focus of the presented investigation is the energy consumption improvement due to the electrification of the air conditioning (AC) system in a sport utility vehicle (SUV). A full vehicle model representing a real SUV with conventional power train (internal combustion engine (ICE), clutch, gearbox, multi speed transmission gear, differential and driving axles) is developed. This conventional SUV model gets compared with a mild hybrid concept including a starter-generator, a battery and an inverter fed drive with control unit. Mechanical, electrical and detailed thermal effects are considered in the simulations. By comparing the energy consumptions, the potential of efficiency improvement due to the implementation of an electrified AC system is shown at the example of a state-of-the-art SUV.

This work presents the modeling, simulation, realization and validation of an entire electrical two-wheel off-road motorbike in cooperation between arsenal research and KTM-Sportmotorcycle AG. All components of the motorbike such as electrical machines, batteries, power train, etc., are implemented and modeled in the simulation environment Dymola, using Modelica programming language. The power train set of this electrical motorbike is founded on a battery powered electric traction machine and a transmission with only one gear and chain drive. The variation of type and size of the electrical sources and mechanical power train components is considered and explained. For the validation of the entire electrical motorbike simulation model, all electrical and mechanical components of the motorbike are measured.

The focus in this work is the evaluation and validation of the simulation model of a conventional thermal management for an internal combustion engine (ICE). A simulation software package for modeling thermal management of the ICE including mechanical and thermal parts of the cooling circuit is presented: the SmartCooling (SC) library. For the evaluation and validation of the simulation an all wheel drive sport utility vehicle (SUV), the BMW X3 2.0i, was measured on a roll test bench. In this work the comparison between the simulation and measurement results for the entire ICE cooling circuit including all thermal and mechanical components is presented.

The presented work proposes a simulation environment using Modelica programming language for full vehicle simulations. A special software library suitable for Modelica simulations is used - the SmartElectricDrives (SED) library. This software is developed to simulate all parts of the electrical drive systems, and furthermore, allows to choose different levels of abstraction in the simulation design. Typical applications for the SED library are simulations of vehicular systems such as full vehicle simulations of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs), simulations of electrified auxiliary drives, etc. In this work a full vehicle simulation of an HEV concept with a starter-generator is presented and all the parameters of the electrical components are discussed.

The intention of this work is to compare fuel consumptions of conventional and hybrid electric vehicles as well as vehicles with conventionally and electrically operated auxiliaries. In this paper the investigated auxiliaries are the water pump and the cooling fan. For the purposed investigation a whole vehicle simulation model is developed. The simulations are performed with Dymola which is based on the simulation language Modelica. For the presented vehicle simulation, two simulation libraries are developed and presented. With the developed simulation fuel savings of the hybrid electric vehicle and electrically operated auxiliaries are proved.