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In order to meet the new and aggressive fuel economy standards, rapid development of advanced engine technologies relying upon hybrid powertrains will be critical. However, it won't be enough for manufacturers to just meet emission regulations; they will also need to address reduced fuel consumption, decreased manufacturing costs, consumers' desire for performance such as power and torque, as well as maximization of reliability and quality. Hybrid technologies that can meet EPA demands will involve increased cost, complexity, cooling requirements and battery weight. Add to that the fact that hybrids are fairly new, so that the existing foundation of knowledge is not as strong as for the veteran gasoline engine. Reliable vehicle operation of hybrids will depend upon successful integration and verification of all drivetrain component interactions under varying operational and environmental conditions, such as cold-weather testing of battery capacity.