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This paper presents a comparison of motorcycle braking data for five different types of braking systems: standard brakes, integrated brakes, independent ABS brakes, integrated ABS brakes, and linked brakes. Three to six braking runs for each of front only, rear only, and combined front and rear brakes were performed for each system. For rear brake, front brake, and combined applications, respectively, it was found that standard braking systems achieved negative acceleration levels of 51%, 78%, and 85% of the total negative acceleration level provided by locked tires. For integrated braking systems, the resulting values were 70%, 89%, and 107%. For independent ABS braking systems, the resulting values were 49%, 108%, and 113%.

This paper presents a methodology to determine the approximate closing speed of a striking vehicle and resultant delta-v of the struck vehicle in low speed collinear rear impacts through analysis of the paint damage pattern evident on the struck vehicle's rear bumper. This methodology is only applicable to collisions between vehicles that possess painted flexible plastic foam supported bumpers. Five impacts at each of 1.12 m/s, 1.79 m/s, and 2.69 m/s target speeds and three impacts at 3.58 m/s target speeds were conducted to provide the foundation for this methodology. The use of powdered guidecoat is introduced to contrast the damage pattern on the bumper of the struck vehicle. A measurement of contact paint damage area is obtained and that damage area is then correlated to a closing velocity between the two vehicles. Measured coefficients of restitution and calculated quantities of energy absorbed are also presented for each impact.