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This SAE EDGE Research Report addresses the unsettled topic of user acceptance of automated driving, analyzing the user experience for a more intuitive and safe driving experience. Unsettled Topics Concerning User Experience and Acceptance of Automated Vehicles examines the requirements for safer driver/user engagement with driving for the various SAE automation levels. It analyzes consumer sentiment toward automated driving - both consumer excitement about the perceived benefits and dislikes or concerns about the technology. The findings from surveys about drivers' experience with advanced driving assistance technologies and its application to automated driving is also brought to the surface of the discussion, together with driver profiles observed during a user-centric experience in an immersive automated driving cockpit.

Similar to Passenger Vehicles (PV), Commercial Vehicles and Trucks (ComVecT) use standard rearview mirrors to improve the visibility of the surrounding environment and facilitate a safer maneuvering of large vehicles. Standard rearview mirrors used in ComVecT are large and flat to cover outside areas as specified in theFMVSS 111 standard, or other requirements like ECE-R46. In addition, ComVecT are also equipped with optional mirrors with different Field of View (FoV), such as wide angle, look-down cross proximity, and front mirrors. These optional mirrors cover wider or specific areas around the vehicle which might not be possible otherwise with standard mirrors only. While these mirrors tend to enhance the visibility around the truck, they create undesirable blind zones to the driver. These blind zones can be gaps between the direct vision through the windows and indirect vision provided by the mirror.

Current market trend indicates an increased interest in replacing mirrors by camera monitor systems (CMS) to reduce CO2 emissions and to improve visibility of surrounding environment to the driver. A CMS is an advanced system composed of an electronic imager, a display, and an intelligent electronic control unit intended to provide at least the same level of functionality of legally prescribed mirrors. A CMS must also take into consideration several factors in the designed system to satisfy an overall system magnification and system resolution. Some factors pertain to the camera, and display inside the cockpit, but some other are related to the physical constraints of the human operator, i.e. visual acuity, height, etc. In this paper, we demonstrate that there exists a fundamental nonlinear equation for a given CMS encompassing factors that influence the performance of the system.

Currently, there is still no standardized method to measure LED flux in automotive lighting. Usually, LED manufacturers provide a lumen range (or bin) for a given type of LED. However, with the increased usage of high-flux LEDs, the need for an absolute lumen value is becoming important for optical design of automotive lamps. The knowledge of an LED lumen value is necessary for more precise lamp designs. Three different types of measurements for LED flux were compared. These three measurement methods are: 1). 2π flux integrating sphere; 2). 4π flux integrating sphere; and 3). Goniometer. In this paper, we will discuss the results from these three methods, and conclude with recommendations on the preferred methods and parameters critical for accurate LED flux measurements.

Reflector designs using high-flux LEDs, with application to Daytime Running Lamp (DRL) and Front Turn Signal Lamp (FTSL), were presented at the 2005 SAE Conference[1]. In an attempt to further optimize system efficiency when using high-flux LEDs, we have studied additional reflector designs using Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC) optics. In this paper we will present results of such studies, and discuss reflector collection efficiency, overall system efficiency, and package size.

Currently, high flux white LEDs are being studied extensively for forward lighting applications. Because of their light output levels that are reaching new highs at an impressive rate, these devices can also be considered for signal lighting applications by means of color filtering. In this paper, we will present results from studies of high efficiency collectors with these types of LEDs for use in Front Turn Signal Lamp (FTSL) and Daytime Running Lamp (DRL) applications. Comparison of package size vs. collection efficiency for various configurations will be discussed. We will also review LED color temperature vs. amber color filters, and its effect on system optical efficiency.